A conscious emergency landing on land or water outside the airport or airport due to an unexpected situation in which the aircraft is unable to continue flying.
Unexpected situations leading to a forced landing include aircraft mechanical, hydraulic, or electrical equipment failure, fire, collision with other aircraft or objects in the air, onboard injury and illness, life-threatening hazards, climb aircraft or fuel exhaustion, and sudden changes in weather conditions.
Damage, kidnapping or illegal border crossing, disobedience to air control, etc. In the event of such accidents, the pilot must use the on-board equipment to conduct tests or trials, determine the severity of the problem, and take appropriate action in time to minimize the potential danger. In case of fire, extinguishing measures must be taken immediately in accordance with the regulations.
In a multi-engine aircraft, if one engine stalls, the remaining engines must be properly adjusted to maintain normal flight conditions. In a single-engine aircraft, if the engine is off and the air start is invalid, it will only be able to glide to a suitable place to land. When landing at the airport, if the landing gear cannot be lowered automatically, please lower it manually. If the manual operation is invalid, please use the belly of the aircraft to clear the ground.
To prevent fires, foam extinguishing agents were sprayed on the airport runways. During an emergency landing, other aircraft cannot fly over the airport. Fire trucks, ambulances and various emergency vehicles should immediately go to the place where the aircraft will be forced to land.