A basic input/output system (BIOS) jumper is a small device used to configure specific settings in a computer’s BIOS. The jumper is connected to a series of metal pins on a computer’s motherboard, which complete an electrical circuit and configure the proper settings. A BIOS jumper can be used in case of BIOS password loss or corrupt BIOS update.
A screenshot of a BIOS setup screen.
The BIOS software is stored on the computer’s motherboard and runs when the computer is first turned on. This software loads an operating system and controls certain hardware settings. The BIOS can be updated and most types of BIOS software can be password protected.
A BIOS jumper may have a position for something called BIOS recovery mode, which requires recovery software to be loaded on a floppy disk.
A BIOS jumper can be found inside most computers. The bridge itself is made of conductive material, such as metal, and is usually covered in a plastic coating. During normal operations, the jumper remains in its factory set position.
If a user has forgotten the BIOS password, a BIOS jumper can be used to reset it. The physical location of the jumper varies by motherboard, but it’s usually near a round, empty battery. Users are better off referring to the motherboard manual for the location as it usually includes a helpful picture or diagram.
To reset the BIOS, the jumper must be removed from its normal position and placed in the reset or clear position. Some motherboards will label the position. Common tags include CLR for “clear”, PWRD for “password”, RESET, or some combination of these phrases. Again, the motherboard manual often contains pictures or diagrams of the different jumper positions.
The small size of a BIOS jumper means that it can be cumbersome to manage. Many users prefer to use pliers or tweezers to move the bridge. A computer should always be turned off and unplugged when working with internal components.
A BIOS jumper may also have a position for something called BIOS recovery mode. This is useful if an update has prevented the computer from booting. In some cases, this requires recovery software loaded onto a floppy disk, compact disc, or flash drive.
Some motherboards also implement security features to prevent malicious software from changing the BIOS. These features require a BIOS jumper to be set to a different position before the BIOS can be updated. The bridge should be put back in its original position after applying the update.
Tweezers can be used to move a small BIOS jumper.
