Reinforcing plates can be used in bridges for pedestrians and vehicles.
A gusset plate is a thick sheet of steel used to join structural steel components. The gusset plate is installed at the intersection of two or more adjacent beams, stringers, or columns. It can be attached to each steel frame member by mechanical fasteners, such as screws, or permanent connections, such as welding. Gusset plates serve as a method of joining steel and add strength and support to each joint.
Reinforcing plates can be found in many types of steel structures. A bridge gusset plate generally consists of a strong plate used on pedestrian and vehicle bridges. Different types of boards are also used to join steel when framing a building or constructing a large piece of mechanical equipment. Smaller gusset plates can be found in the gusset construction. Depending on the size and function of the reinforcement, the reinforcement plate can consist of a thin sheet of aluminum or a very heavy sheet of steel.
Different types of gusset plate design can be characterized by size, shape, and fastening requirements. These plates often feature square or rectangular designs, but some more specialized models may even feature a triangular or custom shape to fit nearby steel. Each plate can be designed to be welded along different edges, or to be welded and bolted. Panel manufacturers often pre-drill bolt patterns to facilitate field installation, although some can be supplied blank for maximum flexibility.
Structural engineers determine the required size and thickness of these plates, as well as the best method of attachment. These calculations are based on the force and loads applied to each plate, as well as the loads applied to nearby steel components. A gusset plate can be used as the sole method of fastening between multiple beams and chords, or it can be used in conjunction with bolting or welding. In some cases, boards are added to the structure after completion to add strength or stiffness to the joints. Reinforcing plates offer a very easy retrofit option for structures that cannot safely withstand the amount of force applied.
Gusset plates can be made from cold rolled or galvanized steel, depending on the application. When the boards are used outdoors or around corrosive materials, they are usually galvanized to prevent rust damage. Once these plates are exposed, they can be painted to match surrounding steel or other nearby fixtures. On some smaller exposed structures, copper or aluminum gusset plates can be constructed to give a more attractive finish when minimal support is required.
