The study that is carried out on an area impacted by bullets is called ballistics, demonstrating with the study the scope, trajectory and secondary effects that it produces, analyzing the marks left by the so-called ballistic test. Through this test it is possible to determine the distance from which it came, the direction and speed of the shot, whether from a low-caliber bullet or a projectile of greater power, bombs or rockets, among others, as well as the temperature, distance and the force of the impact.
In London in 1835 they began to investigate cases with the identification of bullets and pistols used in robberies and murders, thus achieving an important advance in the investigations by being able to define which firearm would be used. . That when firing a weapon there are a considerable number of ways to take into account, the case is analyzed by reconstructing the crime scene, forming the complete story from the moment the weapon is fired until the final impact, taking samples of each thing found at the location that can help pinpoint the whereabouts of the culprit or culprit.
This science of study of obtaining evidence in a case is divided into 4 branches of study:
The internal ballistics that studies the weapon and the beginning of the movement that propels the projectile in the initial firing phase. Intermediate ballistics provides the transition of the bullet exit from the gun barrel with its stability in the air, detecting a change that could deflect the final path of the projectile. External ballistics determines the trajectory of the bullet with the effects it could generate until it stops, either by impact and what its effects are on nearby targets. Effect ballistics is important as it shows how degenerative secondary effects are in the damage left by the impact, either on an object or on the human body; All these studies have a single purpose, to be able to reconstruct a crime scene to find the culprit and to know what the next steps would be and to calibrate the power to save other people from future attacks.
