The spindle is used to create the dies used to make coins.
Hubing is a machining process used to make machining dies. Using spindle techniques, workers can create a mold or stamp that is then used to form new dies. While this process is commonly associated with metalworking, it can also be used to create dies for molding or forming thermoplastics and ceramic parts.
Metal workers rely heavily on stamps or dies to form and shape metal. They may use a male die, which has raised features along the surface so it can be used to press or stamp metal. These workers also use female dies, which have designs and patterns embedded in the surface so they can be used as a mold. Hubing specifically refers to the process of creating female dies that are used to form and shape molten metal until it hardens.
Metal workers rely heavily on stamps or dies to form and shape metal.
During assembly, workers begin by creating a male die. This die is created using a lathe or metal machining tools and should feature a mirror image or the desired final pattern or design. By heating a second piece of metal and pressing the male mold against it with great force, workers create female molds in the reverse image of the male mold. This female die is then cleaned or ground as needed to remove any remaining metals and create a sharp image.
The same male bristle can be used to create many female bristles during the mating process. It can also be stored for future data creation. These dies typically require cleaning and milling between uses to lighten and preserve the image.
Traditionally, workers were forced to create female dies by carving or grinding into a solid piece of metal. The hub makes it easier and faster to create these arrays and results in more consistent images. Using a single die, workers can create dozens or even hundreds of identical female dies for casting or molding. This not only improves overall quality control, but also reduces the cost of producing these dies and allows multiple dies to be completed in a short period of time.
Hubing is commonly used to make coin molds. Coins that are double-sided or stamped with an inverted image are often the result of an error during hubing. This process is also used to make dies for jewelry, tools, and consumer goods. Hubing can also be used to create molds for metal signs or for stamped or embossed metal objects.