To understand the meaning of the concept of telophase, it is essential to know what the notion of mitosis refers to. This term is related to the segmentation of a cell, which occurs after the duplication of its genetic material. Mitosis thus allows each cell derived from this process to have all the chromosomes.
Meiosis is one of the central concepts of telophase speech, and this is another way of calling the phone. In this case, the process takes place in the sex glands, where gametes are produced. In short, it takes two successive divisions of a diploid cell (it has two sets of chromosomes) to produce four haploid cells (it has only one set of chromosomes).
It is important to remember that the chromosome is a structure with a very complex organization, made up of proteins and DNA, whose main function is the storage of most of the genetic data of a living being. Throughout the processes of cell division, mitosis and meiosis, it acquires its most characteristic shape: “X”-shaped bodies, whose very particular design is due to the degree of duplication and compaction. Thanks to mitosis, therefore, the cells of the organism multiply and it is possible that the hereditary information that is present in the DNA is distributed equally, since the cells generated by mitosis are genetically identical. Mitosis occurs in four phases. The first is called prophase, the second is called metaphase, the third is called anaphase, and finally the fourth phase of mitosis is telophase. It is often said that telophase is the stage that involves the reversal of the processes developed in the previous instances. The consequence of this last part of the process is the production of two daughter cells, characterized by having the same set of chromosomes and cytoplasm. By cytoplasm, we mean the portion of protoplasm (the living cellular material; in other words, the interior of a cell) that lies between the plasma membrane and the nucleus, whenever we speak of a eukaryotic cell (also called eukaryote, they are all that have a nucleus delimited by a porous layer called the nuclear envelope, where its genetic information is mainly stored). In telophase, the chromosomes are already divided into two sets of chromatids, located at the ends of the cell. As the DNA unwinds, it again takes on the appearance of strands of chromatin. Other changes that occur during telophase are the disappearance of the mitotic spindle and the formation of a nuclear membrane around each of the groups.
The mitotic spindle is also known as meiotic or achromatic, and is the set of microtubules that originate from centrioles (cylindrical organelles that form the cytoskeleton, a network of proteins that have various functions, such as organizing the internal structures of the cytoskeleton through throughout the processes in which the cell divides (during mitosis it is called mitotic, while in meiosis it is called meiotic or achromatic).The concept of chromatid refers to the pair of longitudinal units of the chromosome that has undergone the process Each of them is linked by the centromere, a primary constriction that serves for the interactions that the chromosome makes from prophase to anaphase with the mitotic spindle, during meiosis and mitosis, and for the regulation of movements that are produced in these phases.Another name for the chromatids, which lie on either side of the centromere, is “arms.”
