The series of Soviet manned spacecraft. It is upgraded based on the “Dongfang” spaceship. The “Ascend” spacecraft canceled the larger ejection seats and increased the seats for astronauts, which can accommodate up to 3 astronauts.
Due to the limitations of the life support system, the orbital flight time is shorter. From 1964 to 1965, two manned “Rising” spacecraft were launched. The spacecraft is a spherical cylinder about 6 meters long, 2.4 meters in diameter and 5.32 tons in weight, traveling in low orbit with a period of 90 minutes and an inclination of 63°.
The spacecraft is equipped with a return landing system, backup brake rocket, auxiliary guidance system, radio and television communication equipment, etc. The “Ascent” 1 spacecraft, launched in October 1964, carried scientists around the Earth for the first time and conducted research and technical experiments in astrophysics, space medicine, and biology.
The “Ascent” 2 spacecraft, launched in March 1965, was additionally equipped with airlock cabins, airlock operating procedures, and control systems for astronauts to exit the cabin and go into space. The spacecraft was equipped with a special spacesuit with an autonomous life support system. Astronaut Α.Α Leonov used this equipment to get out of the spacecraft for the first time and perform extravehicular activities.